The Impact of Language-Based Puzzles on Preparatory Pupils' Communication Skill

Authors

  • Nouran Moayed Ahmed Department of English, College of Education for Women, Tikrit University
  • Asst. Prof. Muthana Mohammed Badie Department of English, College of Education for Women, Tikrit University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25130/Lang.10.2.P1.10

Keywords:

based puzzles, communication, crosswords, anagrams, jumbled sentences

Abstract

This research examines the effect of using language-based puzzles in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction for Iraqi preparatory school students. Its purpose is to determine if and how these puzzles can enhance oral and written communication more effectively than traditional instruction. Quasi-experimental design is applied and 90 first intermediate students in Al-Nidhal Secondary School for Boys, Kirkuk, Iraq are evenly distributed into experimental and control groups. The experimental group is taught with some language-related puzzles like crosswords, anagrams, jumbled sentences, and riddles, while the control group is taught with normal instruction. Pre- and post-communication tests are utilized to evaluate performance of both groups. The outcome shows that there are statistically significant differences in communicative competence of the experimental group, i.e., their vocabulary use and fluency. The outcome verifies that language puzzle tasks are an effective pedagogical task to construct communicative competence in EFL environments. The study offers valuable recommendations for EFL instructors and researchers who would like to find practical solutions to induce learner motivation and language acquisition.

References

Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives. Pearson.

Barrows, H. S., & Tamblyn, R. M. (1980). Problem-based learning: An approach to medical education. Springer.

Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of language learning and teaching (5th ed.). Pearson Education.

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Pearson Education.

Dörnyei, Z. (2001). Motivational strategies in the language classroom. Cambridge University Press.

Gage, N. L. (1963). The scientific basis of the art of teaching. Teachers College Press.

Harmer, J. (2007). The practice of English language teaching (4th ed.). Pearson Longman.

Huizinga, J. (1955). Homo Ludens: A study of the play element in culture. Beacon Press.

Long, M. H. (1983). Native speaker/non-native speaker conversation and the negotiation of comprehensible input. Applied Linguistics, 4(2), 126–141.

Nation, P. (2001). Learning vocabulary in another language. Cambridge University Press.

Nunan, D. (1999). Second language teaching and learning. Heinle & Heinle.

Nunan, D. (2003). Practical English language teaching. McGraw-Hill.

Piaget, J. (1952). The origins of intelligence in children. International Universities Press.

Piaget, J. (1970). Piaget’s theory. In P. Mussen (Ed.), Carmichael’s manual of child psychology (Vol. 1, 3rd ed., pp. 703–732). Wiley.

Piaget, J. (1977). The development of thought: Equilibration of cognitive structures. Viking Press.

Richards, J. C. (2001). Curriculum development in language teaching. Cambridge University Press.

Richards, J. C. (2006). Communicative language teaching today. Cambridge University Press.

Richards, J. C. (2008). Teaching listening and speaking: From theory to practice. Cambridge University Press.

Richards, J. C., & Renandya, W. A. (2002). Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice. Cambridge University Press.

Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2001). Approaches and methods in language teaching (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2014). Approaches and methods in language teaching (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Schunk, D. H. (1998). Learning theories: An educational perspective (2nd ed.). Prentice Hall.

Swain, M. (2000). The output hypothesis and beyond: Mediating acquisition through collaborative dialogue. In J. P. Lantolf (Ed.), Sociocultural theory and second language learning (pp. 97–114). Oxford University Press.

Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during problem solving: Effects on learning. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4.

Tharp, R. G., & Gallimore, R. (1988). Rousing minds to life: Teaching, learning, and schooling in social context. Cambridge University Press.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.

Wenden, A. (1987). Learner strategies in language learning. Prentice-Hall.

Keyton, J. (2011). Communication and organizational culture: A key to understanding work experiences (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Richards, J. C., & Schmidt, R. (2010). Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics (4th ed.). London: Pearson Education Limited.

Downloads

Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Nouran Moayed Ahmed, & Muthana Mohammed Badie. (2026). The Impact of Language-Based Puzzles on Preparatory Pupils’ Communication Skill. JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES, 10(2, Part 1), 188–206. https://doi.org/10.25130/Lang.10.2.P1.10