This study critically examines the translational efficacy of domestication and foreignization strategies in rendering culturally embedded English idiomatic expressions into Arabic. Grounded in Venuti’s conceptual framework and Sager’s linguistic criteria notably inversion, omission, addition, and deviation the research interrogates how idioms, as culture-bound units, are mediated across linguistically and socioculturally divergent systems. Recognizing the communicative complexities inherent in idiomatic translation, the study posits that the choice of strategy directly affects semantic fidelity and audience accessibility. Four hypotheses are advanced, most prominently that domestication, despite its infrequent application, is superior in achieving both interpretive clarity and cultural appropriateness for Arabic-speaking audiences. This approach aligns the source-language idioms with target-language cultural norms, enhancing reader comprehension. Conversely, foreignization, while preserving source-text integrity, may impede interpretive fluidity due to its emphasis on cultural otherness. Through the analysis of ten idioms extracted from advanced English discourse, the research identifies three critical factors compromising translational quality: (1) reliance on dictionary meanings without contextual calibration, (2) neglect of cultural and pragmatic context, and (3) overuse of additive techniques that distort intended meaning. The research concludes that domestication more effectively preserves culturally nuanced semantics, facilitating meaningful cross-cultural communication. However, it cautions against overcorrection, advocating for a balanced translational praxis that harmonizes semantic precision with cultural resonance. Recommendations emphasize enhanced translator sensitivity to contextual and cultural variables to improve idiomatic accuracy in Arabic translation.