This research, titled "Political Anthropology in the Short Story Collection 'Something in My Mother's Pocket' by Jalil Kakawais," is an attempt to introduce the concepts and terminology of anthropology in general and political anthropology in particular, and then to reflect their impact on Kurdish literature, especially short stories. The short story is an important literary genre and a significant cultural and social background for showcasing and presenting various political topics in an artistic manner. Undoubtedly, our aim in this research is to utilize a branch of a comprehensive literary critical method, namely "the method of anthropological criticism." We intend to elucidate the relationship between these two disciplines, with the purpose of adopting a new approach to dealing with literary texts and highlighting the common roles played by both anthropological researchers and literary writers in their studies. The questions and hypotheses of this research are: What role does literature play within political anthropology? Can a literary text be considered an ethnographic product? Or what is the relationship between anthropology and literature? Through these questions, we arrive at the belief that the writer, through stories and literary narratives, is committed to political messages and is a guardian of culture, heritage, and the slogans of political and social beliefs, and their stories reflect the topics of literary anthropology. Here, we will try our best to present this topic to readers within the research.