(The concept of nihilism and its reflection in Kurdish poetry of Sorani dialect)( Hashim Saraj )for example
Shwana Noori Abdullah
Department of History, College of Humanities, Halabja University, Halabja
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25130/Lang.8.3.10
Keywords: nihilism, Kurdish poetry, Modern, asceticism, Hashim Saraj
Abstract
The current research is an attempt to interpret the concept of nihilism from the ancient Greek era to the postmodern era from different perspectives. The study sheds light on nihilism from the perspectives of ancient Greek philosophy and the western world in general and the reflections of modern philosopher Schopenhauer on this topic. The research describes and explains the reflection of nihilism in kurdish classic, modern, and postmodern poetry. The purpose of the study is also to show the differences and similarities of nihilism from Western perspective to the Middle Eastern perspective by referencing several poets. It is a fact that this context is more influenced by social norms, religious beliefs, and culture. The study also analyses the poems of Hashim Saraj as a modern poet. As a poet, Saraj is influenced by the intellectual waves of enlightenment movement. Although he has a large number of poems about pessimism and despair, he could not neglect the impacts of his culture in his poetry. However, Sarah's pessimism is to reflect a positive aspect rather than a negative one.
References
Sarchawakan
Sarchwa Ba zmani Kurdi:
Kteb:
_ Albaser, Dktor Kamil Hasan Aziz (1983), raxna sazi, Bagdad, chapxana, kori zanyari irak.
_ Prat, Alan ( 2019), nalaezm, slemani, chapxana, hamdi.
_ Husaen, D. Ali Taher (2008), Raxhnae bunyad gare la tuorawa bo prakteezakrdn, chape yakam, slemani, chpu paxshe sardam.
_ Husaen, Himdad ( 2007), rebaza adabyakan, chape yakam, Hawler, chapxana, dazgae Aras.
_ Durant, Will ( 2012), mejue falsafa, wargeran, Ahmad saeed ahmad barznjy, chape yakam, slemani, chapxana, shvan.
_ Darwesh, Dlshad Hamed ( 2019), lasaratada wshaka nabu, chape yakam, slemani,nawandi roshn bere rahand.
_ Omer, Husaen Ahmad( 2012), farhangi adab, slemani, chapxana, Hamdi.
_ Abdulla, Dilshad,( 2006), Bazare gull froshan, chape yakam, slemani, Dazgai chapi Sardam.
_ Abdulla, Abdul mutalib( 2012), pesaki sheeri Nano, Hauler, Nma.
_ Aziz, Hamid (2012), Saratayak la Falsafai klasiki Uonan, chape penjam, Hawler,chpxana, Rozhalat.
_ Katus, D. Basam (2011), darwazayak Bo metodakany raxnai hawcharx, wargeran, D. Mahamad Tatani, chape yakam. Chapxana, Shvan.
_ Kamal, Mahamad ( 2005), Nihilizm u Rahandakni berkrdnawa, chape yakam, slemani, Dazgai chap u paxshe Sardam.
_ Mihraen, Mihrdad ( 2009), Kutabxana falsafyakan, wargeran, Sido Dawd Ali, chape yakam, slemani, chpxana, Ganj.
_ Wasman, Mahamad (2013), Falsafae Sofegari, Hawlre, chapxana, Rozhalat.
_ Aflatoon, Komar ( 2009), wargeran, Dktor Mahamad Kamal, Slemani, Dazgai Sardam.
Diwan:
_ Saraj, Hashim ( 2001), Lalabadastan, chape yakam, Hawler, chapxana, Pak.
_ Saraj, Hashim ( 2012), Nano, Hawler, Santare lekolenawae fkri u Adabe, Nma.
_ Ali, Baxtyar, ( 1999), Dewane sheere, Sweed, Nawandi Rahand.
_ Mudarees, Mala Abdulkarem ( 1378), Dewani Mahwe, chape penjam, Sna, blaukrdnawe, Kurdistan.
_ Malakarem, Mhamad ( 1980), Dewani Goran, chape yakam, chpxana, Kore zanyare Kurd.
Farhangakan:
_ Sabni, Ahmad, ( 2015), Farhangi Zansti Syasi, chape dwam, Sna, Ktebe neshtmani.
_ Mukryani, Hajar ( 1388), Hanbana borena, chap shasham, Tahran, chapxana, Srusht.
_ Nizamadin, Fazl, ( 2007), Farhangi ( Arabi _ Kurdi), chape yakam, Slemani, chapxana, Sardam.
Govar:
_ Esmael, Rebin Rasull ( 2018), Darwazayak bo falsafai Shopn Hawar, Govari, Aidya, Slemani, Jmara( 68_ 69).
_ Perbal, Farhad ( 2007), Govare, Shen, Dazgae Araz, jmara, (15).
_ Salahi, Malik yahya ( 2010), Falsafay puchgarae, wargeran, Karzan Mahamad, Govare, Sardam, Slemani, Dazgae Sardam, jmara, (64).
_ Yasin, Osman ( 1997), Fredrek Necha, Govare, Wargeran, jmarz, ( 2).
Sarchawakan ba zmani Arabi
کتب:
زكریا، فۆاد (1974)، افلاتون الجهوریە، الهیئة المصریة العامة للكتاب، القاهیرة.
- شیا، الدكتور محمد شریف (1985) النضریات الجمالیة (كانـط، هیجل، شوبنهار)، بیروت، منشورات بحسون الثقافیة.
- عویضة، الشیخ كامل محمد محمد، (1993)، شوبنهاور بین الفلسفة والأدب، الطبعة الأولی، بیروت (لبنان). دارالكتب العلمیة.
- المحمدی، د. محمد عبدالقادر موسی (2001) الاغتراب فی تراث صوفیة الاسلام، بغداد، (بیت الحكمة)
- هیوستن، نانسی، (2010)، النزعة العدمیة فی الأدب الاوروبی، ت، ولید السویركی، الطبعة الأولی، هیئة ابوضبی للثقافة و التراث، (كلمة).
- القاموس:
- أحمد، د. ناصر سید (2008)، المعجم الوسیط، بیروت (لبنان)، دار احیاء التراث العربی.
- معلوف، لویس(٢٠٠٢)، المنجد فى اللغة والاعلام، ط٣٩، بیروت، دار المشرق.
سەرچاوەکان بەزمانى فارسى:Sarchawa Farsiya kan
Govar:
- پور، احمد ابراهیمی (١٣٩٩)، پوچ گرایی پس مدرن، مقالە پژوهشی (حکمت و فلسفە)، سال ١٦، شمارە(٦٣).
- كراسبی، دنلدای (2010)، نیهیلیسم، ت (محمود لطفی) نامە فرهنگ، ایران، شمارە (54).
- موسوریان، سید محمد (1392)، واكاری ماركسیسم، نیهیلیسم و شیطان گرای در ادبیات غرفانی پاولوكوئیلو، مجلە (معرفت)، وزارت علوم، شمارە، (١٩٣).
Sarchawakan ba zmani Englizi:
- Baker, Gideon (2018), Nihilism and Philosophy, nothiningness, truthand world. Blooms bury academic.
- Slocombe, will (2003), postmodern Nihilism, theory and Literatur, puplishes, Routledge.
- Trataglia, James (2015), Philosophy in meaningless, A system of Nihilism, life consciousness and reality,Blooms bury academic.
سەرچاوەى ئینگلیزى ئەلیکترۆنى:
- Iep.utm.edu(Nihilism), Alan Pratt, Email Pratta@aberau.edu, embry, riddle university U.S.A, 2002
