The Appropriate Age for Learning the Second Language in The Educational Process
Rizgar Esmail Kareem
Department of Kurdish Language - College of Language – Salaheddin University
Sajida Abdullah Farhadi
Department of Kurdish Language - College of Language – Salaheddin University
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25130/Lang.8.2.8
Keywords: mother language, second language, learning and learning language, educational language
Abstract
Second Language is the language the learner learns at an older age, i.e.; after the first language. The source of that language can be school, home, society, etc. However, learning this language (second language) should not be based on the mother tongue (which is called language transfer), because the mother tongue is an effective source of interference to Learning the second language.
Therefore, learning the second language is a process that an individual learns at an older age. From this perspective, what is discussed here is the determination of the age level of second language learning in the educational process. This study seeks to answer the question “what is the appropriate age for children to learn the second language in their learning stage?”. In light of this question, the study discusses the consequences and dimensions of age-related second language learning in the educational process according to the descriptive-analytical approach. The study consists of three chapters. The first chapter is the methodology of the study. While, the second chapter is dedicated for introducing and explaining the terms. The third chapter discusses the determination and type of age level of second language learning by children. Finally, the study reached several important conclusions, with reference to the used sources.
References
A) In Kurdish:
-Hussein, Shilan Omar, (2016), Closure of
Mother Tongue, Principles and Approval, Journal of Sulaimani University, No. (150), Part (B) Sulaimani.
⁃ Hussein, Shilan Omar (2021), Science of Working Language, First Edition, Piramird Printing House, Sulaimani.
⁃ Abdullah, Aria Yasin and Aziz, Karim Ahmad (2020), Level of use of official Kurdish language among Kurdish language teachers, Garmian University Journal, No. (10), Garmian.
⁃ Abdullah, Mahabad Kamil (2015), Mother Tongue in Education System, Journal of Raperin University, No. (5), Raperin.
- Mukriani, Giwi (2018), Kurdistan Dictionary, Second Edition, Awer Printing House, Erbil.
- Mukriani, Hazhar (2012), Farhangi Hambanaborine, Eighth Edition, Tehran.
- Hama Damain, Bakhtiar Nuri (2017), The Impact of Kurdish Syntax on Learning English, Master's Thesis, College of Language, Salahaddin University, Erbil.
- Saeed, Yousef Sharif (2013), Teaching Mother Tongue and National Identity, Commemorating World Mother Language Day, First Edition, Haji Hashim Printing House, Erbil.
⁃ Mustafa, Nazir Sabir (2021), Pragmatics and Methodology, first edition, Awer Printing House, Erbil.
⁃ Nawkhosh, Salam (2014), Nawkhosh Linguistic Dictionary, First Edition, Hevi Printing House, Erbil.
⁃ Dzeyi, Abdulwahid Moshir and Ali, Sherzad Sabri (2013), Political Linguistics, 1st Edition, Erbil.
⁃ Hussein, Ayub Rashid (2021), Linguistic Evaluation of Kurdish Education Programs in the First Cycle, Master's Thesis, College of Education, Salahaddin University, Erbil.
⁃Mohammed, Shadan Hamademin and Aziz, Omar Ahmad (2020), Syntactic difficulties of learning a second language among Kurdish speakers, Journal of Garmian University, No. (10), Garmian.
⁃ Hassan, Hazhar Khodadad (2019), Primary teachers' views on teaching subjects (science and mathematics) in English, Garmian University Journal, No. (9), Garmian.
⁃ Sheikholeslami, Jaafar (2721), Interview with Jaafar Sheikholeslami, Tişk Magazine, No. (22), East Kurdistan.
⁃ Qadir, Sabah Rashid and Pati, Omar (2018), Mother Tongue and Education, Zhyar Magazine, No. (28), Erbil.
⁃ Khalil, Nahidah Rahman, (2013) Linguistics and Psychophonological Phenomena of Kurdish Language, Master's Thesis, School of Language, Sulaimani University, Sulaimani.
⁃ Fatah, Mohammed Ma'roof (2010), Linguistic Research, First Edition, Mukriyan Printing House, Erbil.
⁃ Karachetani, Karim Sharif (2009), Psychology of Development, First Edition, Paywand Printing House, Sulaimani.
b) In Arabic:
- Al-Khuli, Mohammed Ali (1998), Linguistic Studies, Dar Al-Falah Publishing and Distribution, Oman-Jordan.
- Al-Kafwi, Ayyub ibn Musa al-Husseini (1094), Kitab al-Kliyat, Mahja' in the terms and phrases of al-Awiyya, first part, Cairo.
Q. In English:
- Jack. Richards,(1993), Longman Dictionary) .
- Oxford Dictionary,(2007), 8th Ed
T- In Persian :
- Batni, Mohammad Reza (1995), Language and Thought, Farhang Mohaser Publishing House, Tehran.
- Batni Mohammad Reza (2010), Linguistics, Harmony of Harm and Potential, Bukhara Magazine, Shamaa (64), Azawasfand
D. Website:
- Mother tongue as life, (31/8/2021)
https:// kurdistankurd/?P=4
- Momin Zalmi, (PhD in Language Policy), Shar Press.
https:// W.W.W.Sharpress.net/all-detail.aspx?jimal=7
