Applying Morphological Theory to Dialects of Kurdish Language
Zino Bikhtiyar Hashim
Salahaddin University-Erbil/ College of Languages
Atif Abdullah Farhadi
Salahaddin University-Erbil/ College of Languages
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25130/lang.8.1.8
Keywords: Morphology, Typology, Dialects, Holistic Approach, Partial Approach
Abstract
Dialects and languages in the world are categorized according to various theories and typologies, and morphological theory is one of them. In this study, the development phases of this theory are illustrated, from its founder to the linguists that developed it. This study is a practical effort in which the dialects of Kurdish Language are applied in the shade of the morphological theory with elaborated examples in accordance with both holistic and partial approaches, as the two approaches of the mentioned theory. In addition, this study shows the enrichment of the dialects of Kurdish Language having all types from the holistic approach with dominance of the dialects in one type, and the attractiveness of the dialects from the perspective of gender, for example, from the partial approach.
References
بە زمانی کوردی:
١- جمال حبيب الله (بێدار)، ٢٠١٠، وشەنامە–هەورامی– کوردی ناوەڕاست، لە بڵاوکراوەکانی ئەکادیمیای کوردی، چاپخانەی سپێرێز، هەولێر.
٢- حەیدەر حاجی خدر، ٢٠١٠، تایبەتمەندییە مۆرفۆلۆژییەکانی زمانی کوردی لەڕوانگەی پۆلینی مۆرفۆلۆژیانەی زمانەکانەوە، نامەی ماستەر، زانکۆی سەڵاحەدین، هەولێر.
٣- ڕەفێق شوانی، ٢٠١٤، وشەسازی زمانی کوردی، چاپی دووەم، کۆمەڵگای چاپخانەی داودی، کەرکوک.
٤- سەلام ناوخۆش، ٢٠٠٩، تایپۆلۆژیای زمان و زمانی کوردی، گۆڤاری زمانناسی، ژ٤و٥، هەولێر.
٥- محمد مەعروف فەتاح-سەباح ڕەشید قادر، ٢٠٠٦، چەند لایەنێکی مۆرفۆلۆجی کوردی، چاپخانەی ڕوون، سلێمانی.
المصادر
٦- أحمد مؤمن، ٢٠٠٥، اللسانیات النشأة و التطور، الطبعة الثانیة، دیوان المطبوعات الجامعیة، الجزائر.
٧- ر. ه . روبنز. تر. احمد عوض،١٩٩٧، موجز تاریخ علم اللغة، سلسلة عالم المعرفة، الکویت.
٨- نعمان بوقرة، ٢٠٠٩، اللسانیات اتجاهاتها وقضایاها الراهنة، الطبعة الأولى، عالم الکتب الحدیس للنشر والتوزیع، عمان.
English References
- Bloomfield, L. (1984). Language. University of Chicago Editions.
- Corbett, G. (2013). Number of Genders. In M. Haspelmath, M. S. Dryer (Εds.), The world Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzing: Max Plank Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Retrieved June 20, 2023, from (WALS Online - Chapter Number of Genders).
- Greenberg, J. H. (1960) A Quantitative Approach to the Morphological Typology of Language. International Journal of American Linguistics, 26(3), 178-194.
- Körtvélyessy, L. (2017). Essentials of language typology. Košice: UPJŠ. Available online.
- Sapir, E. (1921). Language. An Introduction to the Study of Speech. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
- Štekauer, P., Valera, S., & Kőrtvélyessy, L. (2012). Word-formation in the world's languages: A typological survey. Cambridge University Press.
References
- Jamal Habeeb Allah (Bedar), 2010, Wishanama- Hawrami- Central Kurdish, Kurdish Academic Publications, Sperez Press, Hawler.
- Haydar Haji Khudir, 2010, Morphologic Characteristics of Kurdish Language from the Perspective of Morphological Typology of Languages, MA Dissertation, Salahaddin University, Hawler.
- Rafiq Shwani, 2014, Morphology of Kurdish Language, Second Edition, Dawdy Press Compound, Kirkuk.
- Salam Nawkhosh, 2009, Language Typology and Kurdish Language, Zimannasi Magazine, No. 4-5, Hawler.
- Mohammed Ma'aruf Fatah and Sabah Rasheed Qadir, 2006, Some Morphological Aspects of Kurdish Language, Roon Press, Silemani.
- Ahmad Mu'min, 2005, Linguistics, Origins and Development, Second Edition, University Press, Algeria.
- R. H. Robins, Translation, Ahmad Awaz, 1997, A Concise History of Linguistics, World of Knowledge Series, Al Kuwait.
- Nu'man Bouqra, 2009, Linguistics, Its Directions and Current Issues, First Edition, Modern Books World for Printing and Distribution, Amman.