TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH INDIAN ISLAMIC MARRIAGE CONTRACTS INTO ARABIC
Ali Hussain Owdah Al-Juburi
Department of translation, collage of Arts, Mousl university, Iraq
Muhammed Ibrahim Hamood
Department of translation, collage of Arts, Mousl university, Iraq
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25130/Lang.8.7.12
Keywords: Indian, Islamic, Legal Translation, Marriage Contract
Abstract
The translation of Islamic marriage contracts from English into Arabic is an actual issue for an ordinary translator and even for a legal translator. Almost all translators in such a field of translation face the difficulty of grasping the straight and accurate equivalence in Arabic for specific linguistic terms. This problematic issue lies in the differences between the English legal system and the Arabic legal system. Another essential problem that legal translators usually face is the translating of items that are related directly to Islamic shariah and Islamic culture. The present research evaluates and inquiries about three translations for a sample of an English International Islamic marriage contract that is officially utilized by Muslims of India and translated by three MA Students who have master's degrees in translation. It is noteworthy to note that the assessment of these sample translations is defended on Peter Newmark's (1981) approach of Semantic and Communicative translation which is widely used in translating texts of languages from two different families such as English and Arabic. In closing, following the communicative procedure is the most equivalent option according to the context on one hand. On the other hand, the Semantic procedure is only acceptable when there is already a direct rendition for the items of ST into TT, So, Communicative is usually used in case of absence of equivalence. Or semantic procedure leads to translation non-identical from that of the source languages
References
Al-Jubori, G. M. H. (2022). Investigating Translation Challenges of English Affixations in Medical Leaflets into Arabic. journal of Language Studies, 6(1), 399-412.
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: University Press.
Cao, D. (2007): Translating Law. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
Christina S. (1997): Discourse and Politics: In Discourse Studies: A Multidisciplinary Approach, ed.
David, R. and John, B. (1985): Major Legal Systems in the World Today, (3rd ed.). London: Stevens. Deakin University Press, Geelong.
Edmonds, P. & Hirst G (2002): Near-Synonymy and Lexical Choice. Computational Linguistics Vol. 28:2.105-145. MIT Press.
Hamdan, M. I., & Hussein, G. M. (2024). Applying Larson's Model To Assess the Quality of Two Translations of Antony Hope's Novel The Prisoner of Zenda into Arabic. Journal of Language Studies, 8(1), 281-304.
Hönig, H. and Paul Kussmaul (1982): Strategies der übersetzung, EinLebrund Arbeitsbuch, Tübingen: Narr.
Ilyas, A. I. (1989): Theories of Translation. Mosul University Press.
John H. Merryman (1994). The Civil Law Tradition : In introduction to the Legal Systems of Europe and Latin America. Michie Co.
Newmark, P. (1981). Approach to Translation. Oxford and New York: Pergamon Press.
Newmark, P. (1988): A Textbook of Translation.New York: Prentice Hall.
Sarcevic, S. (1985): Conceptual Dictionaries for Translation in the Field of Law. International Journal of Lexicography.
Šarcevic, S. (1997): New Approach to Legal Translation. London Kluwe Law International.
Snell-Hornby, M. (1988): Translation Studies. An Integrated Approach, Amsterdam: Benjamin.
Tiersma, P. M. (1999). Legal Language, Chicago, and London. The University of Chicago Press.
Tiersma, P. M., & Solan, I.. M. (2012), The Oxford Handbook of Language and Law Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Weisflog, W.E.(1987): Problems of Legal Translation. Swiss report presented at the XIIth International Congress of Comparative Law, Zurich, Schulthess,179,218.
White, J. B. (2006) Living Speech : Resisting The Empire of Force. Princeton University Press.
White, J. B. (1982): Law as Language: Reading Law and Reading Literature.
White, J.B. (1994): Acts of Hope: Creating Authority in Literature, Law, and Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Yule, G. (1996): Pragmatics, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Yule, G. (2019): Oxford Practice Grammar Advanced with Key. Oxford University Press.
