The Impact of Syntax Surgery Technique on EFL Intermediate School Students’ Writing Skill

Authors

  • Lect. Jameelah Razook Khalaf (Ph.D.) General Directorate of Salah al-Din Education/ Samarra Education Department

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25130/Lang.9.4.P2.10

Keywords:

Impact, Syntax Surgery, Technique, Writing

Abstract

This study aims at finding out the impact of syntax surgery technique on EFL intermediate school students’ writing skill. It is hypothesised that “there is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean scores of students' achievement of the first experimental group which is taught by Syntax Surgery technique and that of the control group which is taught by the prescribed method in writing post-test”. To verify the hypothesis of this study and achieve its aim, a quasi-experimental ‘Post-test – Equivalent-Group Design’ is employed. Two groups are randomly selected from the second intermediate grade in Al-Zahra Intermediate School for Girls to represent the sample of the study which is (50) students, each group consists of (25) students. The two groups are equalized in terms of age, the academic level of their parents and level of achievement in English language for the previous year (2023-2024). Then the first experimental group is taught by Syntax Surgery technique, whereas the second experimental group is taught by the prescribed method. After achieving the validity of the test, a pilot study is conducted on 20 students. Then the two groups are subjected to the same post-test in writing composition. T-test for two independent samples has been used to analyse data statistically. The result has shown that there is a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in writing post-test, in favour of the experimental group. Conclusions and recommendations are presented in the light of the results collected.

References

Abbot, E.A. (2007). How to write clearly: Rules and exercises on English composition. University Press: John Wilson and son. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22600/22600-h.htm.

Adrian,R., & Rosa, R.N. (2012). Using the syntax surgery in teaching a narrative text to junior high school students. Journal of English Language Teaching, 1(1), Serie B. September,109-118.

Ary, D., Jacobs, L.,& Razavieh (1979). Introduction to research in education. Pinehart and Winston.

Bachman, L. F, & Palmer, A. S. (2000). Language testing in practice: Designing useful language tests. Oxford University press.

Baltra, A. (1998). Hispanic ESL students reading in English: The language problem. Unpublished manuscript. California State University, Fresno.

Beers, K. (2003). When kids can’t read: What the teacher can do. Retrieved fromhttp://www.Themainidea.net/tmi-pdfs/THE%20MAIN%20IDEA%20--%20When%20Kids%20Can%27%20Read%20--%20--%2011-09.pdf

Best ,J.W. & Kahan ,J .(2006). Research in education (10th ed.). Pearson Education, INC.

Damai, E.A. (2018). The influence of using syntax surgery technique towards students’ reading comprehension in descriptive text at the second semester of the tenth grade of SMK Gajah Bandar Lamping [Un published thesis]. Raden Intan State Islamic University, Indonesia.

Elaf, S.A. & Manal, O.M. (2024). The correlation between syntactic awareness of EFL university teachers and students' writing performance. Journal of Language Studies. 8(1), 305-336. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25130/lang.8.1.14

Fareeq, G.A. & Sozdar, R.S. (2023).Investigation of the impact of technology on the written production of EFL learners in Iraqi Kurdistan. Journal of Language Studies. VI (4), 95-104

Flower, L., & Hayes, J. R. (1981). A cognitive process theory of writing. College Composition and Communication, 32(4), 365–387.

Glass, G. and Stanley , J. C. (1970). Statistical methods in educational psychology. Prentice-Hall, Ince.

Graham, S., Harris, K. R., & Santangelo, T. (2012). Meta-analysis of writing instruction for students in the elementary grades. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104(4), 879–896.

Graves, D. H. (1983). Writing: Teachers & children at work. Heinemann.

Herrell, A. (1998). Strategies for supporting English language learners as readers. Manuscript submitted for publication.

Herrell, A.L., & Jordan, M.(2016). 50 strategies for teaching English language learners (5th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.

Hind A.K. & Raad K.M. (2022). Effect of syntax surgery strategy on achievement of secondary school student's. Journal of STEPS for Humanities and Social Sciences,1(3), 1-19. Available at: https://doi.org/10.55384/2790-4237.1065

Hyland, K. (2003). Second language writing. Cambridge University Press.

Jesness, J. (2004). Teaching English language learners K–12. Corwin Press.

Noor, M.A. & Madeha ,S.S. (2024). The effect of word-association activities on EFL Iraqi pupils’ writing. Journal of Language Studies. 8 (12), 222-236

Nunan, D. (1989). Designing tasks for the communicative classroom. Cambridge University Press.

Swain, M. (1993). The output hypothesis: Just speaking and writing aren’t enough. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 50, 158–164.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-30

How to Cite

Khalaf, J. R. (2025). The Impact of Syntax Surgery Technique on EFL Intermediate School Students’ Writing Skill. JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES, 9(4, Part 2), 189–212. https://doi.org/10.25130/Lang.9.4.P2.10